In Chapter 1.3 of [Ball’s Writing an Interpreter in Go][1], we encounter one design decision of his Monkey programming language. Here, the lexer has a NextToken() method that looks like this:

func (l *Lexer) NextToken() token.Token {
    var tok token.Token

    switch l.ch {
// [...]
    default:
        if isLetter(l.ch) {
            tok.Literal = l.readIdentifier()
            return tok
        } else {
            tok = newToken(token.ILLEGAL, l.ch)
        }
    }
// [...]
}

This means the lexer itself does not do backtracking. The meaning of a character at any point cannot be ambiguous. You cannot say, for example, that ‘+’ is the ‘plus’ token unless it is in the middle of a variable name. I don’t know many programming languages that support such behavior – so it is probably an acceptable design decision. You know what they say, “Keep it Simple, Smartypants”. I’m not sure if there are other notable constraints introduced by the design at this point, but it is something that tickles my overly analytical brain.

A lexer takes the source code, a sequence of characters, and group them into tokens. e.g., it makes the first decision on how to process the strings 100-10, -100-10, and -100--100 into groups. I’m going to call this grouping “tokenization” even though I may be misusing the term.

Tokenizing source code is hard. How should -100--100 be tokenized? Should it be a literal -100 followed by the minus token, followed by another -100?

Writing an Interpreter In Go by Thorsten Ball will be my personal introduction to writing an interpreter. I’ve never taken a comp sci class before, so I know nothing about compilers. On a lark, I decided to explore this area now, nearly 20 years after I started to learn computer programming.

If you are interested in this book as well, you might might the AST Explorer a useful companion.

I was told as some point in the past, that compilation can be broken down into four stages:

It happened. At the recommendation of https://twitter.com/dgryski, I bought Writing an Interpreter In Go. This will be my next hobby project. It’ll be interesting to see if I ever finish it.